Parasites in the human body: ways of infection and symptoms of presence

Greetings! You know that our body is a whole world for many creatures invisible to the human eye. So, the weight of bacteria living in us alone is about a couple of kilograms.

And all these bacteria are needed for our internal organs to work properly. But sometimes it happens that weights are also added by parasites in the body of people, which, unlike bacteria, are not provided for by nature there. I discuss this in more detail below.

Parasites in the human body

Knowing the symptoms indicating infection of the human body with parasites allows you to start treatment in a timely manner, until general poisoning and terrible consequences in the form of irreversible obstruction of the digestive system, respiration, and blood formation occur.

Every year, more than 1 ml of people quietly leaves the world from parasitic infestations invisibly for statistics. Today, human health depends only on his personal activity.

How to identify parasites in the human body, if today the feces analysis is no longer considered a mandatory study, even before hospitalization in the department of allergology!

Only by characteristic symptoms indicating infection of one organ of the body and general intoxication: sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, allergic manifestations of urticaria, rhinitis, as well as sudden cutting pains in the digestive tract and head.

It is urgent to see a doctor, since delaying treatment is dangerous with serious complications: meningitis, sepsis, intestinal peritonitis, damage to the nervous system.

What parasites can live in a person

People who are far from medicine consider parasites that live in the human body to be extremely different kinds of worms. Meanwhile, there are more than 300 species of parasitic micro and macro organisms that steal nutrients from human cells that destroy the integrity of the walls of the blood, lymph vessels and organs that poison the blood.

Moreover, many of their species coexist calmly and self-sufficient when living together. Do not interfere with each other to devour the flesh and blood of a person, repeatedly increasing his morbid state of health. Therefore, when detecting worms, tests should always be carried out for the presence of pathogenic protozoan microorganisms.

Infection pathways

The carriers of many parasites (and intermediate hosts) are birds, rodents, flies, horseflies, mosquitoes. Animals domestic and wild, fish.

The main source of parasitic infestations is a sick person, with the discharge of which the parasites disperse in the soil, water bodies, and airspace.

How is the transfer:

• Alimentary method (through the gastrointestinal tract) you can get parasites from contaminated water, food products while ignoring the sanitary-hygienic rules of their processing. And also, if you do not rinse vegetables from the garden, take a sip of water when swimming in the river. Eat half-cooked barbecue, sushi from river fish (this way many intestinal protozoa and helminths penetrate the body).
• You can become infected by household contact if you do not wash your hands often enough. Through money, railings in institutions, handrails in vehicles, toys, household items. Or through handshakes, kisses with an infected person. After contact with sick animals (the path for the introduction of almost all parasites).
• In a transmissible (through blood) way, pathogenic larvae and parasites penetrate the body after a bite of a fly, mosquito, tick, bird, animal.
• In the percutaneous way, infection occurs when parasite larvae are introduced into the tissues of the mucous membranes and through the skin (hookworms, schistomas).
• The aerogenic type of infection occurs when the eggs of a parasite are inhaled (for example, echinococcus).
• The transplacental route is the intrauterine transmission of parasites to the baby (nematodes, toxoplasma).
• Trononosomes, trichomonads are transmitted through sexual contact.
• Transfusion transmission - during operations in the hospital through poorly crafted instruments.

The main factors contributing to the increase in the growth of parasitic infections in humans are: personal insufficient hygiene, mass consumption of poorly processed food and water, late visits to doctors, lack of proper medical examination.

Symptoms of the presence of parasites in the human body

Allocate common signs of infection and specific, at the location of pathogenic micro and macro organisms. Parasites are intracellular (damaging cells). For example, toxoplasma, leishmania, plasmodium.

Cavity: living in the cavities of the intestines, lungs, urogenital and other organs. Chains, pinworms, hookworms, roundworms, lentets, whipworm.

All this classification is rather arbitrary, since many parasites constantly move, migrating through different organs and tissues.

Common manifestations of invasions are as follows:

1. dyspeptic disorders: diarrhea, vomiting, flatulence, constipation, gastrointestinal pain;
2. allergic manifestations: rhinitis, rash;
3. muscle pain, joint area;
4. the appearance of papillomas, genital warts, lipogranulomas, fibrotic neoplasms;
5. weight loss or weight gain;
6. nervous disorders: irritability (or lethargy), irritability (apathy), insomnia;
7. bruxism (during sleep, involuntary gnashing of clenched teeth);
8. decreased immunity, expressed by an increase in colds.

Pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi causing infectious diseases are also parasites. When infected, common symptoms are observed: high fever, sore throat, head, stomach, runny nose, cough, sneezing, and others.

How to determine the presence of parasites

With the defeat of one or another organ and tissues, distinctive features dominate.

In the intestines

The most favorable place for the life of parasites: high humidity, warm temperature, pH environment - neutral.

Symptoms of bowel damage:

• constipation;
• diarrhea;
• flatulence;
• bowel obstruction;
• spastic pain, pain in the abdomen;
• weight loss;
• vomiting
• nervousness;
• lack (or increase) of appetite.

Man is overcome by powerlessness, fatigue, unwillingness to move.

In the stomach

With parasitic invasion, the following symptoms are noted:

1. nausea;
2. belching;
3. salivation;
4. heaviness and bursting of the stomach;
5. diarrhea;
6. bleeding during bowel movements;
7. itching in the anal area due to pinworms;
8. cough due to irritation of the neuroreceptors of the stomach.

With intestinal acne, sputum with blood fractions is possible.

In the liver

Symptoms

• pain in the right hypochondrium;
• belching;
• nausea;
• allergic urticaria;
• yellowing of the sclera, mucous membranes of the mouth and skin;
• hair follicle prolapse;
• weakness;
• irritability;
• anemia.

There is marked swelling of the legs, abdomen.

In blood

Distinctive symptoms:

1. fever;
2. compaction, enlargement, soreness of the lymph nodes;
3. rash on the body;
4. dizziness, pain in the head;
5. thirst;
6. lethargy, drowsiness;
7. dyspnea;
8. circulatory disturbance, expressed in numbness and cooling of the extremities.

Anemia necessarily develops, since many parasites destroy red blood cells.

With heart damage

There are always signs of pulmonary and heart failure.

• cough;
• dyspnea;
• nervousness, fear;
• weakness;
• chest pain
• arrhythmia, bradycardia;
• temperature, fever alternating with chills;
• changes in blood pressure;
• sweating
• pallor of the face, neck;
• anemia.

There are signs of hypoxia: cyanosis of the skin of the fingertips, triangle of the nasolabial and mucous membranes of the mouth.

In the lungs

Characteristic symptoms:

1. dyspnea;
2. labored breathing;
3. attacks of dry night cough;
4. asthmatic bronchospasm;
5. allergic rhinitis, sneezing;
6. chest pain
7. rapid pulse;
8. nausea.

Perhaps the separation of scanty foaming sputum with blood cells.

Under the skin

External symptoms:

• itchy red small rash, large edematous blisters on the skin;
• ulceration, abscesses, warts, eczema;
• fever;
• night sweats;
• dense mobile tumorous areas under the skin;
• anemia.

Often develops an allergic cough, runny nose.

In eyes

Distinctive symptoms:

1. conjunctival inflammation, accompanied by burning and itching;
2. pain in the eyes and pain when moving the gaze to the side, up;
3. flying flies, muddy strings in front of the eyes;
4. dry mucous eyes;
5. blurred vision of objects, bifurcation;
6. headaches, dizziness;
7. swelling of the eyelids;
8. blue under the eyes.

There is a significant deterioration in visual acuity.

Parasitosis masquerades as a thousand diseases, so it is impossible to determine it visually, without laboratory tests. The cure period depends on the accuracy of diagnosis and detection of parasites at the earliest stage of infection.

Treatment

You can not take medicine without the permission of a doctor. All drugs used to destroy the simplest parasites and helminths are toxic not only to them, but also to the human liver.

Antiprotozoal drugs

They are used to treat diseases caused by protozoa: malaria, trichomoniasis, amoebiasis, toxoplasmosis. As well as giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and other diseases. The doctor always has an individual safe treatment regimen. Self-activity will cause harm.

Helminth treatment

When choosing drugs, preference is given to drugs with a wide spectrum of action:

• Mebendazole deprives helminths of the ability to absorb nutrients, destroys their cells. Destroys roundworms, pinworms, larvae of tapeworms, other parasites.
• Vormin is used to treat teniosis, enterobiasis, hookworm infection, and ascariasis. As well as trichocephaliasis and echinoccosis.
• Dekaris eliminates nematodes, pinworms, whipworm, roundworm, toxoplasma, necator.
• Dermin acts against the broad tape, tapeworms of bovine and dwarf, other tape helminths.
• Pyrantel is taken to destroy roundworms, hookworms, pinworms, whipworm, and necator.
• Praziquantel eliminates fluke, tapeworms, schistosomes, and other intestinal parasites.
• Of dietary supplements, they help well in the treatment of parasitoses Triplet Evalar, Helmifag.

And drugs that paralyze worms, they are more toxic to humans. Self-medication with pharmaceuticals will not bring to good.

Folk recipes

For babies, women, nursing infants and pregnant women, the elderly it is safer to eliminate many parasites with alternative antiparasitic drugs:

1. Pear juice with pulp from fresh fruits, carrot juice is recommended for treating children. Drink 50 ml on an empty stomach an hour before meals a week, 10 days.
2. Pumpkin seeds. Raw seeds need to be chewed on an empty stomach, along with a thin green skin (it is it that has powerful anthelmintic properties). A daily serving of 250 to 400 g of seeds, after which, after a couple of hours, you need to drink a laxative tablet. The duration of treatment is from 3 to 5 days.
3. Infusion of crushed fresh pomegranate peels. The mass of the peel of 1 fruit is poured with boiling water (250 ml), insisted in a thermos for 1.5 hours. Filter. Dosage - drink on an empty stomach every 4 hours, before bedtime - laxative.
4. Decoction of buckthorn bark. For 300 ml of water you need 3 tsp. shredded raw materials. Boil on low heat for 15 minutes, insist 2 hours, drain. Daily rate: 30 ml 5 times.
5. Infusion with tansy and wormwood flowers. 3 tsp is taken per 500 ml of water. powder mixtures of dried inflorescences (or fresh mass). Boil for 5 minutes, leave to cool. To filter. It should be taken no more than 50 ml at a time, in the morning, at lunch, in the evening on an empty stomach for 5 days.
6. Home triad. Collect in dry powder from equal parts of wormwood, spices in the buds of cloves and tansy use 1 tsp. 4 times on an empty stomach during the day, chewing thoroughly, drinking with clean water.
7. Garlic. To cleanse the body of parasites, you need to eat 2-4 cloves during the week without salt and bread daily in the morning and at night on an empty stomach.
8. An ancient anthelmintic miracle recipe: eat a salty herring and a large onion on a weekend. You can’t eat or drink anything until the evening. Helminthes in the evening massively climb out of the intestine with feces outside.
9. Castor + cognac. A unique effective recipe from the Soviet past: mix a cocktail of ingredients 50:50, drink in one gulp instead of dinner. Hours up to 3 nights, all worms will come out. If not all, then repeat the treatment a couple more nights.

In addition, during the treatment process, it is necessary to exclude sweet, fatty foods from the daily menu. As well as butter, milk, butter, canned goods and smoked meats.

Preventive measures

Today, almost all parasites are imported from foreign countries. When traveling to tropical countries, be sure to consult a doctor in the selection of antiseptics.

To prevent infection with domestic parasites, hygiene rules must be observed:

• Wash your hands constantly.
• Rinse vegetables, fruits with boiling water.
• Do not eat half-baked food: plangan, steaks with blood.
• Avoid purchasing food and prepared meals from trays, from stalls, tents.
• Do not swim in unknown ponds, lakes, rivers.
• Do not walk barefoot on contaminated grass, sand.
• Do not drink water from natural sources and running water.
• Do not allow children to pet other people's animals and make contact with people with a marginal appearance.

When identifying the symptoms that characterize the presence of parasites in the body, it is important to know that there is a false parasitosis. People, especially the female sex, are prone to suspiciousness.

Treatment should only begin after an accurate determination of the type of parasite and its location. Only then will it be effective, safe and painless. Take care of your loved ones.

Parasites in the human body are not uncommon

The human body can become one of the habitats and activities of parasitic organisms. Propagating in the internal organs, parasites in the human body can provoke the development of pathological processes that can pose a great danger to human life.

That is why an appeal to doctors is a mandatory and correct decision in the presence of helminths or protozoa.

What is a parasitic disease

Parasitic diseases are a fairly large group of pathological processes. Diseases in this group are caused by pathogenic organisms that multiply and live inside a person.

Despite many species, helminths living in the human body release toxins, which have a devastating effect on tissues and the functioning of human systems and organs.

How parasites can enter the body

Parasites in the human body do not appear just like that. There are several main ways through which malicious worms or protozoa can reach the patient, namely:

1. contaminated soil or water;
2. unwashed food;
3. products that have not undergone proper heat treatment;
4. contact with infected animals;
5. vector insect bites;
6. close contact with an infected person;
7. violation or neglect of personal hygiene.

Some representatives who can settle inside a person do not have special systems and organs for breathing, cardiovascular or nervous systems.

However, sexually mature individuals have the ability to lay in the environment up to several hundred eggs, which can remain viable for a sufficiently long time.

In addition, there is another property of the body of parasites. Thanks to the protection mechanisms, the patient’s body cannot recognize and independently display them. The same property complicates the process of detecting invasion.

Classification of parasites in the human body

Before you think about how to get rid of parasites in the human body, it is worth having an idea of ​​what parasites live in the human body.

The most common group of helminths are roundworms. To this class belong:

• scrapers;
• whipworms;
• pinworms;
• roundworms;
• toxocaras.

The habitat of such worms is the digestive system. A person becomes infected with them through the use of unwashed food.

Another risk group for worm infestations is pet owners. It is proved that some parasites can exist without reproduction in animal organisms, using them as carriers.

The second group that causes parasitic diseases is representatives of the class of tapeworms. These include:

1. pork and bovine tapeworms;
2. echinococcus;
3. wide lentets.

Representatives of this group are the largest representatives of worms. There are individuals that are capable of reaching 25 meters in length. These parasitic worms have the ability to feed on their entire body.

This group can live anywhere in the human body, penetrating even into the brain and spinal cord. These worms can be infected due to the consumption of poorly prepared fish products. Therefore, it is recommended to buy only those products that have passed veterinary control.

The third group of causes of parasitic diseases includes the following types:

• guinea worm;
• dirofilaria;
• filamentous nematode.

They multiply under the skin of a person. Pathological processes provoked by invasions of these parasites are widespread in countries with a tropical climate. The carriers are insects.

The group of trematodes, which include schistosome, hepatic trematode, and fascilopsis, affects the internal organs of a person, such as the liver, pancreas, intestines, and biliary tract.

A group of tissue pathogens affects various human tissues. Some species of this group can live in the spinal cord, others can live in the connective or muscle tissues.

The main carriers of these parasites are animals. They can get to a person through the use of poorly prepared meat products.

Signs of Infestation

Knowing the types of parasites in the human body may not be enough. In order to consult a doctor in time for therapy and purification, it is necessary to recognize signs of the presence of parasites in the body.

However, there are first signs of the presence of parasites in the human body, which should be alarming. These may be:

1. decreased immunity;
2. weight loss;
3. sleep disturbances;
4. manifestations of allergic reactions;
5. a sharp appearance of skin problems;
6. constant feeling of tiredness;
7. problems in the gastrointestinal tract;
8. state of general anxiety.

Having noticed these signs of parasite infection, it is worth going to the hospital and checking for their presence.

Symptoms of the presence of parasites

Signs of parasites in the human body are always a good reason for cleaning the body of parasites.

The characteristic symptoms of parasites in the body include a lot of manifestations. Among them are the following:

• stool disorders;
• bloating, gas, irritable bowel syndrome;
• muscle and joint pain;
• the appearance of allergic reactions;
• the appearance of a rash on the skin;
• anemia;
• underweight or overweight patient;
• increased irritability and irritability;
• sleep deviations;
• gnashing of teeth;
• fatigue, which is chronic;
• weakened immunity;
• oncological diseases;
• inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract of a person.

The detection of these signs may not occur immediately after the harmful organisms enter the human body, but after some time, when mature individuals develop from eggs or larvae.

In the heart

I call helminths worms that lead a parasitic lifestyle. To date, science knows more than 400 species that live in the human body.

Symptoms of helminth infections that affect the functioning of the heart often include myocarditis. The first signs of the disease appear over a period of time, which can last from a week to four months. Manifestations will go into the chronic stage, if you do not start treatment for parasites in the body in time.

Under the skin

As already mentioned, some helminths can settle under the skin of the patient. The main manifestation of this form of invasion is the appearance of seals on the skin.

If when you press the seal, it comes into motion, we can say that one or more individuals are under the skin. The carriers of parasites that can live under the skin are insects.

In eyes

Symptoms of the presence of parasites in the human body, manifested in the organs of vision, are not so common.Characteristic symptoms are expressed by boils on the skin, the appearance of moving myiasis, larval conjunctivitis, larval granulomas, severe damage to the visual organ.

In the stomach

Parasites in the stomach are most often worms. Symptoms in this case are associated with a lack of appetite, inability to defecate, bad breath and insufficient weight.

It is impossible to ignore these manifestations, therefore, as soon as the signs have shown themselves, it is worth starting to fight parasites under the strict supervision of physicians.

In blood

Human blood can also become a habitat for organisms that lead a parasitic lifestyle. They can be found in white blood cells, red blood cells, and plasma.

Human parasitic diseases caused by parasites in the blood can include symptoms such as numbness of the lower extremities, Chagas disease, sleeping sickness, joint pain, skin problems, and fever of unknown origin.

Treatment for parasitic diseases

Before cleansing the body from parasites, it is worthwhile to get full confidence in their presence, as well as that pathological processes are caused by their activity.

Therefore, the logical question becomes how to find out if there are parasites in the body. To do this, you should contact the doctors who will conduct special studies that guarantee the detection of an unwanted neighborhood.

Diagnosis of parasites includes:

1. analysis of feces carried out at least 3 times;
2. carrying out enzyme immunoassays and tests;
3. ultrasound examinations of internal organs;
4. serological blood tests;
5. computed tomography;
6. PCR implementation;
7. endobiopsy.

Only after the results of studies have confirmed the presence of the disease, parasites are cleaned. It is worthwhile to understand that only doctors know how to cleanse the body of parasites in each case, since the individual characteristics of the patient, the degree of development of invasion, and many other factors are taken into account.

The pharmaceutical market provides a wide selection of drugs that can expel parasites. However, it is worth considering that a particular drug may be powerless against certain types.

To combat helminths, not only synthetic drugs, but also antibiotics can be used. The duration of the course of treatment and the dosage of medications is calculated individually by the attending physician based on the results of laboratory tests and patient characteristics.

Cleansing from parasites may include taking medications aimed at restoring the functioning of internal organs and the immune system.

This will allow the body to cleanse itself, using special antibodies and resources. The use of vitamin complexes and preparations is also necessary. Another measure that antiparasitic cleaning uses is the appointment of a special diet by doctors.

The fight against parasites in the body in most cases guarantees a positive prognosis for completing the course of treatment. The exceptions are cases of large parasites and significant damage to internal organs.

How parasites act on the body

It is obligatory to clean parasites in case of their presence. As already mentioned, all parasitic organisms secrete toxins that can destroy the tissues of internal organs, weaken the immune system, as a result of which a person more easily accepts infections from the outside and fights them weaker than usual.

This leads to the fact that many concomitant pathological processes develop that can even lead to death.

Preventative measures

In order not to wonder how to remove parasites from the human body, you should adhere to a number of simple rules and recommendations aimed at preventing infection with helminths. So, you need:

• observe the rules of personal hygiene;
• regularly checked for parasites;
• Maintain cleanliness in the house;
• heat treat foods that may be a source of infection;
• wash vegetables, herbs and fruits before eating;
• monitor the health of pets.

If you constantly adhere to these rules, then cleaning the body from parasites may not be necessary.

Brief summary

Parasitic disease is a big problem. Migrating through the body and damaging the tissues of internal organs, their vital activity can lead to many destructive processes and unpleasant consequences.

The removal of parasites from the body should be carried out only as directed by the attending physician, under his strict control, since antiparasitic therapy is quite toxic.

In order for the treatment to be as effective as possible, it is worth considering many additional factors that only a doctor can know about.

Parasites in the human body

Parasitic diseases are diseases caused by protozoa, helminths and insects. According to statistics, every fourth inhabitant of the planet suffers from invasion. In Russia, about 1.5 million cases of parasite infection are recorded every year.

Infection is possible through the use of contaminated water, fruits and vegetables, herbs, buying fish and meat in "illegal" places, where there are no certificates of veterinary control, when communicating with pets. The danger of parasitic infestations is that in the absence of treatment, the slow destruction of the body occurs.

Types of parasites in the human body

Organisms parasitizing in the human body are divided into true and false. The first group includes pinworms, giardia and other parasites, for which parasitism is a prerequisite for existence; to the second, those that accidentally enter the body and begin to parasitize.

In addition, parasites are divided into internal (live inside the body) and external (localized on the skin or hair). There is a classification of protozoa and helminths depending on biological characteristics:

1. Dysenteric, intestinal amoeba - localized in the lower parts of the large intestine; cause false urge to defecate, anemia, headache, bleeding ulcers.
2. Giardia - violate parietal digestion in the intestine; provoke weight loss, flatulence, unstable stool, cause duodenitis.
3. Urogenital Trichomonas - lives in the genitourinary tract, causing inflammation, serous-purulent discharge.
4. Plasmodium is the causative agent of malaria; causes fever, anemia, increases blood viscosity and blood clots.
5. Toxoplasma - enter the bloodstream through the walls of the intestine and then spread to the lungs, nervous system, heart; symptomatology - jaundice, swollen lymph nodes.
6. Balantidium - localized in the colon, causing ulcers; in humans is rare.
7. Opisthorch - from the intestine penetrates into the liver, pancreas, causing pancreatitis, jaundice and intoxication symptoms.
8. Hepatic trematode - up to 3-5 years old parasitizes in the liver, causing sharp pains, hives.
9. Schistosomes - migrate through the circulatory system until they reach the bladder or intestines; provoke intestinal disorders, hematuria, cough with thick sputum.
10. The tape is wide - up to 10 years lives in the intestines; symptoms: folic acid deficiency anemia, upset stool.
11. Bovine, pork tapeworm - causes intestinal disorders, reduces the acidity of gastric juice.
12. Echinococcus - parasites form bubbles of 10-20 cm, causing an increase in organs, shortness of breath.
13. Pinworms cause enterobiosis, a particular symptom is severe itching and scratching in their places.
14. Roundworms - migrate through the venous system, falling into the heart, lungs, bronchi; invasion causes sweating, skin itching, eosinophilia.
15. Trichinella - inhabit the striated muscles, destroying the intercostal fiber.

Having microscopic or impressive dimensions, they destroy beneficial bacteria, poison the body with their waste and suppress immunity.

Symptoms of parasites in the human body

Due to the variety of pathogenetic mechanisms of the action of parasites on the body, the symptoms can be similar to infectious and surgical diseases. Therefore, for the final diagnosis, physicians need the results of laboratory tests.

Doctors highlighted typical syndromes of infection with helminths and other parasites. We list the most striking of them.

Allergic

• Itching (especially at night and in the morning);
• Symptoms of urticaria (characteristic of ascariasis, enterobiosis, toxocariasis);
• The development of pseudo-allergies after water procedures, sunbathing, drinking soda, sweets and pastries;
• Spontaneous arising and subsiding attacks of bronchospasm;
• Perianal itching, perioral dermatitis, cheilitis;
• Hair loss;
• Feverish syndrome (fluctuations in temperature indicators, both sharp and periodic, for example, only in the morning);
• The formation of pustular rashes.

Gastrointestinal

In chronic course.

1. Nausea, vomiting;
2. Rapid weight loss;
3. Diarrhea or intestinal obstruction;
4. Lack or loss of appetite;
5. Pain with movement of the tongue (with trichinosis);
6. The development of pain in the umbilical and epigastric regions (manifested with helminthiases);
7. Inability to eat fat;
8. Increased salivation;
9. Enlarged liver.

Asthenovegetative

It is observed with infection with toxocariasis, hymenolepidosis, cysticercosis, trichocephalosis.

• Sleep disturbance;
• Increased irritability and fatigue;
• Hypochromic iron deficiency anemia (characteristic of teniosis, diphyllobothriasis, ascariasis, hookworm);
• Deterioration of academic performance amid decreased memory, attention;
• Blood pressure instability;
• Headache;
• Meningeal symptoms (when larvae enter the brain or back).

Movement of the larvae provokes damage to the respiratory tract, biliary tract and liver, genitourinary system, heart (lungs - with toxocariasis, pulmonary echinococcosis, cysticercosis, ascariasis; liver - with fascioliasis, alveococcosis, opisthorchiasis; cardiac muscle - with toxocariasis, cysts).

Causes of parasites in the human body

More than 350 species of parasites can live in the human body. The homeland of more of them is a country with a warm climate. In the CIS, there are only 60 varieties of parasites. Exotic helminthiases are brought in from tourist trips.

Infection with the rest occurs due to non-compliance with hygiene rules or violation of cooking technology. We list the main causes of the appearance of parasites:

1. The use of dirty vegetables, fruits, boiled water;
2. Illiterate cooking;
3. Non-observance of sanitary and hygienic rules by catering workers, sellers;
4. Contact with animals;
5. Touching the handles of public doors, handrails in transport;
6. Swimming in ponds infected with schistosomes;
7. The presence of flies in the apartment, house;
8. Working with land or dung without gloves, playing in the sandbox;
9. Work in sewer services.

Infection is possible anywhere, in a highly developed society and in the humid jungle. Immediately begins the process of cell division of the parasite and soon asymptomatic (or with vivid symptoms) changes begin.

The main sources of parasite infection

Infection with parasites occurs through direct contact (schistosomes penetrate the skin during bathing in ponds) or orally.

Parasites can enter the body through the mouth in two ways: through dirty hands, foods, or by eating poorly heat-treated meat or fish that are infected with parasite larvae.

Consider the main human parasites and diseases, or caused by carriers of which can be fish, meat, pets, not washed forest berries, herbs, vegetables and fruits.

Parasites in fish

• Opisthorchiasis. Parasite - Siberian fluke (trematode worm). Carriers: fish of the carp family. Hepatica lives in the liver, pancreas, causing a rise in temperature to 40 degrees, intolerance to fatty, vomiting, pain in the right hypochondrium. Symptoms occur after 2-3 weeks. Opisthorchiasis lasts for years, affecting internal organs.
• Clonorchiasis. The parasite is a Chinese fluke. A carrier is a fish that lives in water bodies of China, Korea, and the Amur Territory. Symptoms are similar to opisthorchiasis.
• Diphyllobothriasis. The parasite is a wide ribbon. The carrier is Far Eastern fish. Symptoms: bloating, nausea, salivation, unstable stool, salivation.
• Anisacidosis The parasite is roundworms. Carrier: herring (in the North Sea affected by 55-100%), cod, salmon. It gets into the body when eating raw fish. Symptoms: diarrhea, rash, intestinal ulcer is possible.
• Ligulosis A parasite is an immature form of larvae worms (nitrate worm). Carrier: cyprinids. For humans, it is harmless if the pathogen is removed, and the fish is subjected to heat treatment.

Parasites in meat

1. Trichinosis. The causative agent is Trichinella spiralis. The route of infection is wild meat or pork. Larvae with blood enter the muscles, causing pain in them, facial swelling, an allergic rash.
2. Teniarinhoz. The causative agent is bull tapeworm. The carrier is cattle, the route of infection is the use of beef, which has undergone minimal heat treatment. Symptoms: constipation, rapid weight loss.

Parasites from plants, wild berries

• Alveococcus. The causative agent is Alveococcus multilocularis, cestode. Carriers are foxes, wolves, other predators, sometimes dogs. A person becomes infected through unwashed wild berries or dirty hands. Once in the small intestine from the eggs of the parasite, the oncosphere leaves, spreading throughout the body through the bloodstream. In the lungs, muscles, brain and other organs of a person, an alveococcal bubble forms, which provokes their destruction. Bubbles can metastasize to other organs. The treatment of the disease is surgical.
• Ascaridosis. The causative agent is ascaris geohelminth. Features of infection: swallowing eggs with unwashed vegetables and fruits, when drinking unboiled water; development phases - small intestine, lungs, through capillaries penetration into the pharynx, secondary ingestion and maturation in the small intestine. Symptoms of infection: cough and allergy symptoms caused by toxic poisoning of the body, intestinal obstruction.
• Hookworm. The causative agent is the red worm Ancylostoma duodenale. Larvae of the parasite from the soil get inside a person if he swallows them with gnawed vegetables and fruits. The parasite feeds on blood, wounds the mucosa of the small intestine, causing inflammation.
• Balantidiosis. The causative agent is Balantidium coli. Carriers are pigs, sometimes dogs and rats. Often, rural residents get sick, the infection occurs when the ciliates are swallowed, through vegetables and fruits. Parasitize in the lumen of the colon, provoking the formation of ulcers.

Parasites in the water

1. Dracunculiasis. The causative agent is nematode rishta. The carriers are Cyclops crustaceans. They enter the body with poorly purified water. Parasites are released after digestion of crustaceans in the stomach. From there, the worms enter the subcutaneous fat. A year later, the female parasite forms a million mature larvae.Its head end approaches the skin, forming a watery bladder up to 10 cm. To relieve itching and burning, a person immerses the affected area and water, which provokes the release of parasites and the beginning of a new round of their development. Symptoms: lymphadenitis, urticaria, prolonged diarrhea. Infection is possible in countries of Asia and Africa, Sudan, rarely in Uzbekistan.
2. Gnostostoma. The causative agent is the nematode Gnathostoma spinigerum. Infection occurs when drinking non-disinfected water, eating meat of frogs and fish. Symptoms: skin edema and itching, fever, possibly damage to the eyeball. The disease is recurrent in nature.

Thus, parasite larvae can lie in wait for humans in food, in air, and in water. You can not get infected only with persistent resistance and strong immunity.

The main signs of the presence of parasites in the human body

According to WHO statistics, about 95% of the world's population is infected with parasites, microorganisms that exist and feed on other organisms.

Often the signs of the presence of parasites in the human body are ignored, as some of them have adapted very well and signs may be mistaken for other diseases.

Varieties of parasites that often affect the human body

Helminths are the common name for worms that exist in a living organism. Simply put, worms. They are classified according to the following types: tapeworms (cystodes), flukes (trematodes) and roundworms (nematodes).

The most common type of helminth is roundworms. Among them, one can distinguish: roundworm, pinworms, trichinella, toxocar, whipworm, hookworm. They have a round shape and mainly live in the intestine, its various parts. Some of the representatives, for example, Trichinella, can migrate throughout the body.

Important!

Representatives of tape pests - bovine and pork tapeworm, wide tape, echinococcus. The sizes of the considered parasites can reach several meters in length.

Some of them begin to develop outside the human body. Bovine and pork chains, for example, penetrate the intestines at an intermediate stage. Flukes can settle in various organs. They feed on blood cells, in addition, they can consume intestinal contents, mucus, etc.

Their length reaches up to half a meter. These include hepatic and cat fluke, schistosome, etc. According to the type of development, helminths are divided into biohelminths, geohelminths, and contact parasites.

Biohelminths go through the stage of maturation and development in animal organisms. This, for example, toxocaras, bovine and pork chains, etc.

Attention!

Geohelminthes develop in the soil. And they enter the person through the skin or by ingestion. These include many types of roundworms.

Contact parasites penetrate into a person in direct contact with another person. Enterobiosis is one of the diseases transmitted by contact parasites, pinworms.

How does infection happen?

You can catch parasite larvae by eating unprocessed foods (fish, cape), poorly washed raw vegetable crops and fruits, during insect bites, during intercourse, in a domestic way, using raw water, and also swallowing water while swimming in ponds, from pets, through the soil.

Flies are also carriers. They carry parasite eggs on their paws, which then enter the person along with the products.

Contaminated settlements, hot climate, unsanitary conditions, violation of personal hygiene rules increase the likelihood of infection.